Menelusuri hubungan ESG, tax avoidance, leverage, profitabilitas, dan nilai perusahaan: A systematic literature review
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis pengaruh Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure, tax avoidance, leverage, dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan PRISMA. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui database Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci terkait ESG disclosure, tax avoidance, leverage, profitabilitas, dan nilai perusahaan, dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2020–2025. Pada tahap identification diperoleh 1.954 artikel, yang kemudian diseleksi melalui tahapan screening dan eligibility berdasarkan judul, abstrak, teks lengkap, serta kriteria inklusi–eksklusi. Proses ini menghasilkan 20 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria dan dianalisis pada tahap inclusion. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ESG disclosure dan profitabilitas secara dominan berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan karena meningkatkan kepercayaan investor dan prospek keberlanjutan. Sebaliknya, tax avoidance cenderung berpengaruh negatif akibat meningkatnya risiko reputasi dan menurunnya legitimasi perusahaan. Sementara itu, leverage menunjukkan pengaruh yang tidak konsisten, bergantung pada struktur modal dan tingkat risiko keuangan perusahaan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya kualitas pelaporan ESG dan kinerja keuangan yang berkelanjutan dalam meningkatkan nilai perusahaan.
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