Putusan bersalah tanpa pidana melalui judicial pardon perspektif keadilan bagi korban tindak pidana
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Penelitian ini mengkaji konsep vonis bersalah tanpa hukuman melalui grasi yudisial dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) 2023, dengan menitikberatkan pada perspektif keadilan bagi korban kejahatan. Grasi yudisial merupakan kebijakan baru yang memberi kewenangan kepada hakim untuk memutus bersalah terdakwa tanpa menjatuhkan pidana, sehingga diharapkan dapat mengatasi overkriminalisasi, mengurangi kepadatan lapas, dan menyeimbangkan kepastian hukum dengan keadilan substantif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan dukungan pendekatan empiris, melalui telaah peraturan perundang-undangan dan wawancara terbatas dengan aparat penegak hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa grasi yudisial berpotensi menjadi instrumen penting dalam reformasi hukum pidana berbasis keadilan restoratif, dengan menekankan pada pemulihan korban, kondisi pelaku, dan dampak sosial dari tindak pidana. Selain itu, penerapannya sangat relevan untuk tindak pidana ringan, seperti pencurian kecil, yang lebih tepat diselesaikan dengan pendekatan restoratif dan rehabilitatif dibandingkan pidana penjara. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya penguatan regulasi dan mekanisme implementasi agar grasi yudisial dapat diterapkan secara konsisten dalam praktik peradilan pidana di Indonesia.
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